人工智能在职业噪声评估和噪声相关健康结局中的应用：一项范围综述。

文献信息

中文摘要

职业噪声仍然是全球最常见的工作场所危害之一，并与多种不良健康影响相关，尤其是噪声性听力损失（NIHL）。近年来，人工智能（AI）在职业噪声研究中的应用日益增多；然而，这些方法的范围和重点尚未得到系统梳理。本综述旨在概述AI如何被用于职业噪声评估和噪声相关健康结局。通过系统数据库检索识别文章，并使用预定义的纳入标准进行筛选。符合条件的研究被提取并描述性综合，AI应用根据其主要研究目标进行分类。共纳入37项研究。大多数研究关注噪声相关健康结局（n=30），而较少涉及噪声暴露评估和预测（n=7）。在健康相关应用中，听觉结局是主要焦点，其次是非听觉和联合结局。AI主要应用于健康结局预测和风险分层，而相对较少关注预防性应用，如暴露监测和噪声控制。通过梳理当前研究模式，本综述突出了知识空白，并强调未来需要在职业噪声管理中整合暴露评估、健康结局和预防性决策支持的研究。

英文摘要

Occupational noise remains one of the most prevalent workplace hazards worldwide and is associated with a wide range of adverse health effects, particularly noise‑induced hearing loss (NIHL). Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly applied in occupational noise research; however, the scope and focus of these approaches have not been systematically mapped. This review aims to provide an overview of how AI has been used in occupational noise assessment and noise‑related health outcomes. Articles were identified through systematic database searching and screened using predefined inclusion criteria. Eligible studies were charted and synthesized descriptively, with AI applications categorized according to their primary research objectives. A total of 37 studies were included. Most studies focused on noise‑related health outcomes (n = 30), while fewer addressed noise exposure assessment and prediction (n = 7). Within health‑related applications, auditory outcomes were the predominant focus, followed by non-auditory and combined outcomes. AI was primarily applied for health outcome prediction and risk stratification, whereas comparatively limited attention was directed toward preventive applications such as exposure monitoring and noise control. By mapping current research patterns, this review highlights knowledge gaps and underscores the need for future research integrating exposure assessment, health outcomes, and preventive decision‑support within occupational noise management.