使用手语的耳蜗植入接受者的社会经济与人口学趋势：一项全国数据库分析
Socioeconomic and Demographic Trends of Cochlear Implant Recipients Who Use Sign Language: A National Database Analysis.
文献信息
| PMID | 42765866 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Christopher Z Wen |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore. |
| 期刊 | American journal of audiology |
| SCI 分区 | Q2 |
| IF | 1.9 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
目的： 本研究的目的是探讨以美国手语（ASL）交流的耳蜗植入者的社会经济和人口学特征与更广泛的耳蜗植入（CI）接受者人群有何不同。
方法： 在这项横断面研究中，我们使用Epic Cosmos数据库识别了2015年至2024年间接受CI的39,111名患者。其中，1,070名（2.7%）耳蜗植入者表示ASL为其首选语言。采用卡方检验、Fisher精确检验和两样本t检验比较ASL交流者与非交流者在年龄、性别、种族、族裔、保险、取出植入体、社会经济地位（SES）/社会脆弱性指数（SVI）以及城市/农村类别方面的差异。单变量和多变量分析评估了这些变量与取出植入体之间的关联。
结果： 儿科ASL交流者显著年长于儿科非交流者，而成人ASL使用者则更年轻。女性（OR = 1.33）、西班牙裔（OR = 2.51）和城市（OR = 1.65）患者以ASL交流的几率增加。ASL使用者更可能处于最脆弱的SES（OR = 1.69）和SVI（OR = 1.71）组，并接受取出植入体（OR = 2.41）。多变量分析确定ASL（OR = 2.55）是与取出植入体相关的主要变量。儿科患者也与取出植入体的几率增加相关（OR = 1.31）。
结论： 耳蜗植入的聋人与一般CI接受者人群之间存在社会经济和人口学差异。聋人身份可能与诸如CI取出等健康考量相交织，凸显了以文化知情方法进行患者照护的必要性。
英文摘要
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine how the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of American Sign Language (ASL)-communicating people with cochlear implants differ from those of the broader cochlear implant (CI) recipient population.
METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, we identified 39,111 patients receiving CIs between 2015 and 2024 using the Epic Cosmos database. Of those, 1,070 (2.7%) people with cochlear implants indicated ASL as their preferred language. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and two-sample t tests compared differences between ASL communicators and noncommunicators in terms of age, sex, race, ethnicity, insurance, explantation, socioeconomic status (SES)/social vulnerability index (SVI), and urban/rural categories. Univariate and multivariate analyses evaluated the association between these variables and explantation.
RESULTS: Pediatric ASL communicators were significantly older than pediatric noncommunicators, whereas adult ASL users were younger. Female (OR = 1.33), Hispanic (OR = 2.51), and urban (OR = 1.65) patients had increased odds of communicating with ASL. ASL users were more likely to be in the most vulnerable SES (OR = 1.69) and SVI (OR = 1.71) groups and undergo explantation (OR = 2.41). Multivariate analysis identified ASL (OR = 2.55) as the main associated variable with explantation. Pediatric patients were also associated with increased odds of being explanted (OR = 1.31).
CONCLUSIONS: There are socioeconomic and demographic differences between Deaf people with cochlear implants and the general CI recipient population. Deaf identity may intersect with health considerations such as CI explantation, highlighting the need for culturally informed approaches to patient care.