中老年人工耳蜗使用者的年龄、听觉表现与生活质量之间的关系

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 衰老可导致听力损失，而人工耳蜗（CI）为听觉康复提供了有效手段。我们评估了年龄对CI结局的影响。
目的： 本研究旨在探讨衰老对接受单侧人工耳蜗植入者的听觉表现和生活质量的影响。
研究设计： 本研究设计为横断面研究。
研究样本： 参与者包括接受单侧人工耳蜗植入的语后重度感音神经性听力损失患者。分为两组：40-59岁者（第1组）和≥60岁者（第2组）。第1组有31名参与者，第2组有33名参与者，共64名参与者（30名女性[46.88%]，34名男性[53.13%]）。
干预： 生活质量采用土耳其版世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL-BREF）测量，抑郁水平采用贝克抑郁量表评估。为评估听觉表现，自由场测听包括0.5-4 kHz纯音听阈、言语识别阈、言语辨别及频谱-时间调制波纹测试测量。
数据收集与分析： 采用Shapiro-Wilk检验评估数值变量的正态性。采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较组间WHOQOL-BREF评分和听觉表现，分类变量采用卡方检验。数值变量之间的关系采用Spearman相关系数评估。
结果： 老年组在多个维度上表现出显著较差的听觉表现和生活质量评分（p < 0.05）。然而，两组之间未观察到抑郁水平的显著差异（p = 0.198）。
结论： 年龄对CI使用者的听觉表现和生活质量有相当大的影响。这些发现强调了针对该人群制定个体化康复方法的重要性。
临床相关性声明： 本研究结果表明，衰老对CI使用者的听觉表现和生活质量产生负面影响。此外，仅靠CI不足以完全改善老年人的生活质量，凸显了需要采取全面的、多学科的方法来应对与衰老相关的神经和感觉变化。

英文摘要

BACKGROUND: Aging can result in hearing loss, and cochlear implants (CIs) provide an effective means for auditory rehabilitation. We evaluated the impact of age on CI outcomes.
PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effects of aging on auditory performance and quality of life in individuals who underwent unilateral cochlear implantation.
RESEARCH DESIGN: This study was designed as a cross-sectional study.
STUDY SAMPLE: Participants included individuals with postlingual, profound sensorineural hearing loss who had undergone unilateral cochlear implantation. Two groups were formed: those aged 40-59 years (Group 1) and those aged ≥60 years (Group 2). There were 31 participants in Group 1 and 33 participants in Group 2, totaling 64 participants (30 women [46.88 percent] and 34 men [53.13 percent]).
INTERVENTION: Quality of life was measured using the Turkish version of The World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), and depression levels were assessed using Beck's Depression Inventory. To assess auditory performance, free-field audiometry included pure-tone threshold at 0.5-4 kHz, speech recognition threshold, speech discrimination, and spectral-temporally modulated ripple test measurements.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess the normality of the numerical variables. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare WHOQOL-BREF scores and auditory performance between groups, and the chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Relationships between numerical variables were assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient.
RESULTS: The older group exhibited significantly poorer auditory performance and quality of life scores across multiple dimensions (p < 0.05). However, no significant differences in depression levels were observed between the groups (p = 0.198).
CONCLUSIONS: Age considerably influences auditory performance and quality of life in CI users. These findings underscore the importance of tailored rehabilitation approaches for this population.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: The results of this study show that aging negatively affects the auditory performance and quality of life of CI users. Moreover, CI alone is insufficient to fully improve quality of life in older individuals, highlighting the need for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to address aging-related neurological and sensory changes.