1990年至2023年埃塞俄比亚听力损失的患病率及伤残损失健康生命年：全球疾病负担研究的次国家分析
Prevalence of Hearing Loss and Years Lived With Disability in Ethiopia From 1990 to 2023: A Subnational Analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases Study.
文献信息
| PMID | 42756373 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Sebsibe Tadesse |
| 作者单位 | School of Public Health, Institute of Health, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia. |
| 期刊 | SAGE open nursing |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 3.2 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
背景： 听力障碍日益被视为一个重大公共卫生问题。本研究确定了1990年至2023年埃塞俄比亚听力损失的患病率及伤残损失健康生命年（YLDs）。
方法： 本研究使用了2023年全球疾病负担研究的估计值和方法。
结果： 2023年，埃塞俄比亚估计有1593万听力损失现患病例（95% UI：15.00-16.79），年龄标化患病率为每10万人口21,702例（95% UI：20,818-22,568）。相应的YLDs为580,148（95% UI：403,721-806,166），即每10万人口801（95% UI：560-1109）。患病率和YLDs均随年龄增长而增加。1990年至2023年间，患病率缓慢上升了3%（95% UI：2-4），而YLDs率没有显著变化。轻度听力损失占主导地位，为1060万例（95% UI：10.07-10.69），率为每10万人口14,425（95% UI：13,759-15,133）。完全听力损失率下降了23%（95% UI：-26至-21），重度听力损失率下降了3%（95% UI：-5至-1），而轻度、中度和中重度听力损失率则略有上升。
结论： 本研究揭示了过去三十年间埃塞俄比亚听力损失负担巨大且持续存在，以轻度病例为主，并随年龄增长而增加。虽然重度和完全性听力损失有所下降，但轻至中度听力损失率上升，这凸显了需要整合筛查、扩大听力保健服务可及性并加强卫生系统，以应对这一日益严峻的公共卫生挑战。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Hearing impairment is increasingly being acknowledged as a major public health issue. This study determined the prevalence of hearing loss and the years lived with disability (YLDs) in Ethiopia from 1990 to 2023.
METHODS: The study used the Global Burden of Diseases 2023 estimates and methods.
RESULTS: In 2023, Ethiopia had an estimated 15.93 million prevalent cases of hearing loss (95% UI: 15.00-16.79), with an age-standardized prevalence rate of 21,702 per 105 population (95% UI: 20,818-22,568). The corresponding YLDs were 580,148 (95% UI: 403,721-806,166), yielding a rate of 801 per 105 population (95% UI: 560-1109). Both prevalence and YLDs increased with age. Between 1990 and 2023, prevalence rose slowly by 3% (95% UI: 2-4), while the YLDs rate did not change significantly. Mild hearing loss dominated the burden, with 10.6 million cases (95% UI: 10.07-10.69) and a rate of 14,425 per 100,000 (95% UI: 13,759-15,133). Rates of complete hearing loss declined by 23% (95% UI: -26 to -21) and severe hearing loss by 3% (95% UI: -5 to -1), whereas rates of mild, moderate, and moderately severe hearing loss showed a slight increase.
CONCLUSION: This study revealed a substantial and persistent burden of hearing loss in Ethiopia over the past three decades, dominated by mild cases and increasing with age. While severe and complete forms declined, mild-to-moderate rates rose, underscoring the need for integrated screening, expanded access to hearing care, and strengthened health systems to address this growing public health challenge.