鼻部解剖、气流与手术与嗅觉结局的关联：一项最新进展综述
Association of Nasal Anatomy, Airflow, and Surgery With Olfactory Outcomes: A State-of-the-Art Review.
文献信息
| PMID | 42748376 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Joshua Ferreira |
| 作者单位 | University College London (UCL) Medical School, London, UK. |
| 期刊 | Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 2.9 |
| 研究类型 | 综述 Meta · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 鼻科 |
中文摘要
目的： 嗅觉功能受鼻腔气流动力学及鼻腔内解剖变异的影响。本叙述性综述评估鼻部解剖与气流如何与嗅觉结局相关，特别关注功能性鼻部手术后的嗅觉变化。
数据来源： PubMed。
综述方法： 通过检索PubMed数据库中2000年至2025年的英文出版物进行了一项全面综述。检索词包括：“olfaction”、“sense of smell”、“nasal airflow”、“nasal anatomy”、“nasal obstruction”、“septoplasty”和“functional septorhinoplasty”。
结论： 诸如鼻中隔偏曲或鼻内阀狭窄等结构异常，可通过改变鼻腔气流模式并限制气味物质进入嗅裂而损害嗅觉功能。功能性鼻部手术，包括鼻中隔成形术和功能性鼻中隔鼻成形术，可改变这些解剖限制，并且常与心理物理学嗅觉评分及患者自报嗅觉的改善相关。尽管大多数患者在鼻部手术后报告嗅觉功能改善，但结局仍存在差异。患者特异性因素、手术技术以及主观与心理物理学结局测量指标的差异，可能促成术后嗅觉表现的变异性，且目前尚未完全明了。
实践意义： 通过功能性鼻部手术改善鼻腔气流，可能与解剖性阻塞患者的嗅觉增强相关。理解气流-嗅觉关系有助于手术规划和患者咨询。
英文摘要
OBJECTIVE: Olfactory function is influenced by nasal airflow dynamics and anatomical variations within the nasal cavity. This narrative review evaluates how nasal anatomy and airflow relate to olfactory outcomes, with a particular focus on olfactory changes following functional nasal surgery.
DATA SOURCES: PubMed.
REVIEW METHODS: A comprehensive review was performed by searching the PubMed database for English-language publications from 2000 to 2025. Search terms included: "olfaction," "sense of smell," "nasal airflow," "nasal anatomy," "nasal obstruction," "septoplasty," and "functional septorhinoplasty."
CONCLUSIONS: Structural abnormalities such as a deviated nasal septum or a narrow internal nasal valve can impair olfactory function by altering nasal airflow patterns and limiting odorant access to the olfactory cleft. Functional nasal surgery, including septoplasty and functional septorhinoplasty, can modify these anatomical constraints and is frequently associated with improvements in psychophysical olfactory scores and patient-reported smell. While most patients report an improved olfactory function following nasal surgery, outcomes are still variable. Patient‑specific factors, surgical techniques, and differences in subjective and psychophysical outcome measures likely contribute to variability in olfactory performance after surgery and are not yet fully understood.
IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Improving nasal airflow through functional nasal surgery can be associated with enhanced olfaction in patients with anatomical obstruction. Understanding airflow-olfaction relationships can aid surgical planning and patient counseling.