德语问卷的开发与初步评估：评估对助听器的态度和行为意向
Development and preliminary evaluation of a German questionnaire assessing attitudes toward hearing aids and behavioral intention.
文献信息
| PMID | 42745257 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Corinna Mathern |
| 作者单位 | Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstrasse, Marburg, 35047, Germany. |
| 期刊 | BMC health services research |
| SCI 分区 | Q2 |
| IF | 3.9 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
背景： 尽管临床获益已得到充分证实，助听器的使用率仍然不理想，提示心理社会因素影响听力康复决策。本研究旨在开发一份德语问卷，用于评估对助听器的态度和助听器使用行为意向，并进行初步心理测量学评估。
方法： 在自报有听力损失和无听力损失的德语成人中开展了一项横断面调查。通过专家评审、心理测量学评估和预试验修订，对一份现有英文问卷进行了针对德国医疗体系的实质性改编，随后进行最终施测。初步心理测量学评估包括内部一致性评估和探索性因子分析。采用相关分析和回归分析检验态度、行为意向与助听器使用之间的关联。
结果： 总体态度量表显示出可接受的内部一致性（Cronbach's α = 0.77），而行为意向量表显示出良好的内部一致性（α = 0.86）。探索性因子分析支持四因子结构，尽管若干条目存在交叉载荷，提示该问卷仍需进一步改进。本研究纳入159名成人（18-96岁），其中48.4%报告有听力损失。总体态度与行为意向强相关（r = 0.63，p < 0.001），并可解释其约40%的变异（R² = 0.40）。在各态度领域中，预期获益与付出（r = 0.66）和污名（r = 0.65）与行为意向的关联最强。使用助听器的听力损失参与者比未使用者表现出显著更有利的态度和更强的行为意向（两者p < 0.001）。
结论： 本研究描述了一份评估对助听器的态度和行为意向的德语问卷的开发及初步心理测量学评估。研究结果提供了初步证据，支持该问卷的信度和结构效度，同时强调需要在独立人群中进一步进行心理测量学验证。与污名相关的信念以及对助听器获益的期望是与行为意向关联最强的态度领域，可能代表改善助听器使用的重要干预靶点。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND: Hearing aid uptake remains suboptimal despite well-established clinical benefits, suggesting that psychosocial factors influence hearing rehabilitation decisions. This study aimed to develop and perform a preliminary psychometric evaluation of a German-language questionnaire assessing attitudes toward hearing aids and behavioral intention toward hearing aid use.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among German-speaking adults with and without self-reported hearing loss. An existing English-language questionnaire was substantially adapted for the German healthcare system through expert review, psychometric evaluation, and pilot revision before final administration. Preliminary psychometric evaluation included assessment of internal consistency and exploratory factor analysis. Associations between attitudes, behavioral intention, and hearing aid use were examined using correlation and regression analyses.
RESULTS: The overall attitude scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.77), whereas the behavioral intention scale demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.86). Exploratory factor analysis supported a four-factor structure, although several items demonstrated cross-loadings, suggesting that further refinement of the questionnaire is warranted. The study included 159 adults (18-96 years), of whom 48.4% reported hearing loss. General attitude was strongly associated with behavioral intention (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) and explained approximately 40% of its variance (R² = 0.40). Among attitudinal domains, expected benefit and effort (r = 0.66) and stigma (r = 0.65) showed the strongest associations with behavioral intention. Participants with hearing loss who used hearing aids demonstrated significantly more favorable attitudes and stronger behavioral intention than non-users (both p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: This study describes the development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of a German-language questionnaire assessing attitudes toward hearing aids and behavioral intention. The findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the questionnaire's reliability and structural validity while highlighting the need for further psychometric validation in independent populations. Stigma-related beliefs and expectations regarding hearing aid benefit emerged as the attitudinal domains most strongly associated with behavioral intention and may represent important targets for interventions to improve hearing aid uptake.