压电纳米纤维支架通过声刺激促进螺旋神经节神经元生长

文献信息

中文摘要

螺旋神经节神经元（SGNs）和毛细胞的丢失常导致感音神经性听力损失（SNHL），其治疗效果取决于残余SGNs的质量和功能完整性。与传统药物治疗相比，组织工程方法已被开发用于为SGN再生提供仿生环境，但静态策略和非响应性支架仍限制治疗效率。在此，我们提出一种响应声刺激的复合压电纳米纤维支架，以促进SGNs生长。该定向纳米纤维支架由聚苯胺（PANI）、聚（L-丙交酯）（PLLA）和明胶组成，采用静电纺丝技术制备。它具有细胞相容性，并为SGN再生提供了具有可控电信号的仿生培养环境。已证实该压电纳米纤维支架不仅能增强SGNs的细胞黏附和定向生长，还能响应声刺激产生电信号，从而加速SGNs的轴突生长和功能发育。因此，压电纳米纤维支架可为SGN再生提供新途径，并成为SNHL的潜在治疗策略。

英文摘要

The loss of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and hair cells often leads to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), whose therapeutic effect depends on the quality and functional integrity of the residual SGNs. Compared with traditional pharmacological therapies, tissue engineering methods have been developed to provide a biomimetic environment for SGN regeneration, but static strategies and non-responsive scaffolds still limit the therapy efficiency. Here, we present a composite piezoelectric nanofibrous scaffold responsive to acoustic stimulation to promote the growth of SGNs. The oriented nanofibrous scaffold comprising polyaniline (PANI), poly (L-lactide) (PLLA) and gelatin was fabricated using electrospinning techniques. It was cytocompatible and provided a biomimetic culture environment with controllable electric signals for SGN regeneration. It has been confirmed that the piezoelectric nanofibrous scaffold could not only enhance cell adhesion and directional growth of SGNs, but also generate the electrical signals in response to acoustic stimulation, thereby accelerating the axon growth and functional development of SGNs. Therefore, the piezoelectric nanofibrous scaffolds could provide a new approach for SGN regeneration and a potential therapeutic strategy for SNHL.