助听器使用及其与听力损失成人生活质量、感知听力障碍和社会网络的关系：一项横断面研究

文献信息

中文摘要

本研究旨在探讨在听力损失成人中，助听器使用是否与生活质量、感知听力障碍和社会网络相关，同时使用多变量回归分析校正社会人口学和临床因素。此外，本研究旨在评估与助听器使用相关的感知污名的患病率及其对感知听力障碍、社会网络和生活质量的影响。研究在听力损失成人中开展了一项横断面研究。共纳入185名听力损失个体；93名（50.3%）为助听器使用者，92名（49.7%）为非使用者。报告与助听器使用相关感知污名的参与者，与未报告污名者相比，生活质量和社会网络评分显著更低，听力障碍评分显著更高（所有P < .001）。在多变量线性回归分析中，教育水平、收入水平、婚姻状况、助听器使用和听力损失持续时间与Lubben社会网络量表评分独立相关。较长的听力损失持续时间和存在耳鸣与更高的听力障碍量表评分独立相关。对于生活质量，较低收入水平是唯一显示与较差生活质量评分独立相关的因素。助听器使用与社会网络评分独立相关，提示其益处可能超出听觉改善，延伸至心理社会领域，尤其是社会参与和人际关系的维持。我们的发现强调了早期发现听力损失、及时康复以及在患者管理中考虑耳鸣等共病的重要性。

英文摘要

This study aimed to examine whether hearing aid use is associated with quality of life, perceived hearing handicap, and social networks in adults with hearing loss, while accounting for sociodemographic and clinical factors using multivariable regression analysis. In addition, the study aimed to assess the prevalence and impact of perceived stigma related to hearing aid use on perceived hearing handicap, social networks, and quality of life. A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults with hearing loss. A total of 185 individuals with hearing loss were included in the study; 93 (50.3%) were hearing aid users and 92 (49.7%) were nonusers. Participants who reported perceived stigma related to hearing aid use had significantly lower quality of life and social network scores, and significantly higher hearing handicap scores compared with those who did not report stigma (all P < .001). In multivariable linear regression analyses, educational level, income level, marital status, hearing aid use, and duration of hearing loss were independently associated with Lubben Social Network Scale scores. Longer duration of hearing loss and presence of tinnitus were independently associated with higher Hearing Handicap Inventory scores. For quality of life, lower income level was the only factor that showed an independent association with poorer quality of life scores. Hearing aid use was independently associated with social network scores, suggesting that its benefits may extend beyond auditory improvement to psychosocial domains, particularly social engagement and the maintenance of interpersonal relationships. Our findings highlight the importance of early detection of hearing loss, timely rehabilitation, and consideration of comorbid conditions such as tinnitus in patient management.