阐明既往免疫在减毒活流感疫苗接种后黏膜淋巴结构动态中的作用
Elucidating the role of pre-existing immunity in mucosal lymphoid architectural dynamics following live attenuated influenza vaccination.
文献信息
| PMID | 42732724 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Lukas Hoen |
| 作者单位 | Influenza Centre, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Haukelandsbakken, 5009, Bergen, Norway. Electronic address: Lukas.hoen@uib.no. |
| 期刊 | Vaccine |
| SCI 分区 | Q2 |
| IF | 3.5 |
| 研究类型 | 基础研究 · 基础／转化 |
| 所属专科 | 咽喉科 |
中文摘要
上呼吸道的黏膜免疫反应对于预防流感感染至关重要。减毒活流感疫苗（LAIV）经鼻内接种，使其成为研究人类黏膜免疫的宝贵模型。在本研究中，我们检查了接受扁桃体切除术的儿童和成人队列中，LAIV接种后腭扁桃体的结构和细胞变化。使用定量免疫荧光显微镜，我们评估了生发中心和套区结构随时间的变化，并量化了这些区域内IgG和IgA阳性细胞的分布。我们还开发了一种原位染色方法，用于检测石蜡包埋扁桃体组织中结合血凝素的细胞。在儿童中，LAIV接种后3天观察到淋巴结构存在年龄依赖性差异；生发中心大小似乎较小，且IgG和IgA频率达到峰值。相比之下，在成人中，生发中心大小以及IgG和IgA频率随着接种后时间的增加而逐渐增加。儿童和成人的套区面积在LAIV接种后均增加。此外，在扁桃体组织中检测到结合血凝素的细胞，并且在一些情况下与IgA共定位。既往免疫影响免疫动力学；我们的结果表明，儿童快速生成新生生发中心和类别转换抗体，而成人则可能扩增既有的生发中心，并随时间推移呈现逐渐增加的趋势。
英文摘要
Mucosal immune responses in the upper respiratory tract are central to preventing influenza infection. The live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is delivered intranasally, making it a valuable model for investigating mucosal immunity in humans. In this study, we examined structural and cellular changes in palatine tonsils following LAIV vaccination in cohorts of children and adults undergoing tonsillectomy. Using quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy, we assessed germinal centre and mantle zone architecture over time and quantified the distribution of IgG- and IgA-positive cells within these compartments. We also developed an in-situ staining approach to detect hemagglutinin-binding cells in paraffin-embedded tonsillar tissue. Age-dependent differences in lymphoid architecture following LAIV vaccination were observed 3 days after vaccination in children; germinal centre sizes appear smaller and IgG and IgA frequency peaks. In contrast, in adults, germinal centre sizes and IgG and IgA frequency gradually increase with increasing time post-vaccination. Mantle zone areas in children and adults increased following LAIV. In addition, hemagglutinin-binding cells were detected in tonsillar tissue, and in some instances co-localized with IgA. Pre-existing immunity influences immune kinetics; our results suggest children rapidly generate de novo germinal centres and class-switched antibodies, in contrast to adults who may expand preexisting germinal centres and trend toward gradual increases over time.