头颈癌放疗期间预防性居家锻炼：一项随机对照试验
Prophylactic Home-Based Exercises During Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
文献信息
| PMID | 42732471 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Burak Erturk |
| 作者单位 | Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye. |
| 期刊 | Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 2.9 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 咽喉科 |
中文摘要
目的： 本研究探讨了头颈癌患者在放疗同时接受预防性居家锻炼计划的有效性，旨在保留吞咽功能、姿势对齐和颈椎活动度，同时评估淋巴水肿的安全性。
研究设计： 随机对照试验。
地点： 某学术型大学医院的门诊诊所。
方法： 24例接受头颈癌放疗的患者被分配至锻炼组（n=12；接受吞咽、姿势、活动度和力量训练方案）或对照组（n=12；接受标准护理）。使用吞咽生活质量问卷、摄影测量姿势分析、数字测角仪评估颈椎活动度以及周长测量评估淋巴水肿，在基线和放疗后评估结果。
结果： 锻炼组的吞咽生活质量得以维持，而对照组显著恶化（P<.001）。与对照组相比，锻炼组显著保留了颈部侧倾（P<.001）。此外，干预组在颈椎屈曲、伸展、旋转和侧屈方面表现出显著保留（P<.05）。两组的面部水肿指标均略有增加，组间无显著差异，证实了干预的安全性（P>.05）。报告了高依从率。
结论： 预防性居家锻炼计划是一种安全有效的策略，可减轻接受放疗患者的功能衰退。该干预保留了吞咽、姿势和颈椎活动度，且未加重淋巴水肿，支持在肿瘤治疗中早期进行预康复。
试验注册： ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT07376213。
英文摘要
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the efficacy of a prophylactic, home-based exercise program administered concomitantly with radiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer to preserve swallowing function, postural alignment, and cervical range of motion, while assessing lymphedema safety.
STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial.
SETTING: Outpatient clinics of an academic university hospital.
METHODS: Twenty-four patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer were allocated to an exercise group (n = 12; receiving a swallowing, posture, range of motion, and strengthening protocol) or a control group (n = 12; receiving standard care). Baseline and postradiotherapy outcomes were assessed using the Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire, photogrammetric posture analysis, digital goniometry for cervical mobility, and circumference measurements for lymphedema.
RESULTS: Swallowing Quality of Life was maintained in the exercise group but deteriorated significantly in controls (P < .001). The exercise group significantly preserved neck lateral tilt compared to controls (P < .001). Furthermore, the intervention group demonstrated significant preservation of cervical flexion, extension, rotation, and lateral flexion (P < .05). Facial edema metrics increased slightly in both groups with no significant inter-group differences, confirming intervention safety (P > .05). High adherence rates were reported.
CONCLUSION: A prophylactic, home-based exercise program is a safe and effective strategy to mitigate functional decline in patients undergoing radiotherapy. The intervention preserves swallowing, posture, and cervical mobility without exacerbating lymphedema, supporting early prehabilitation in oncological care.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT07376213.