粤语老年人群的嗓音老化：喉部结构状态、自报嗓音问题与嗓音特征
Aging Voice in Cantonese-Speaking Older Adults: Laryngeal Structural Status, Self-Reported Voice Issues, and Voice Characteristics.
文献信息
| PMID | 42731971 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Shaohua Gao |
| 作者单位 | Voice Research Laboratory, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. |
| 期刊 | Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 2.4 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 咽喉科 |
中文摘要
目的： 本研究考察了在老年喉状态和自报嗓音问题上存在差异的粤语老年人，是否在感知性、仪器性和自报嗓音特征方面表现出差异。
方法： 共107名老年人根据老年喉状态和自报嗓音问题进行分类。研究考察了15项嗓音结局指标，涵盖听觉感知嗓音严重度、倒频谱、噪声、扰动、基频和强度相关测量、最长发声时间、嗓音努力以及老化嗓音相关影响。数据采用以年龄和性别为协变量的2×2析因一般线性模型进行分析。针对主要模型项计算了偏eta平方（η²p）效应量和Benjamini-Hochberg错误发现率（FDR）校正P值。
结果： 在未校正水平上，发现老年喉状态对持续元音CPP（P = 0.040，η²p = 0.041）和OMNI-VES（P = 0.026，η²p = 0.048）存在主效应，并且发现老年喉状态×自报嗓音问题对OMNI-VES存在交互作用（P = 0.042，η²p = 0.040）。无老年喉的说话者持续元音CPP高于有老年喉者，而同时存在老年喉和自报嗓音问题的说话者观察到最高的嗓音努力。未发现自报嗓音问题对任何测量指标存在主效应。所有效应均较小（η²p ≤ 0.05），且在Benjamini-Hochberg FDR多重比较校正后均不再显著。
结论： 这些发现提示，在老年人中，喉部结构状态、所测嗓音特征与自报嗓音体验之间的一致性有限。尽管这些关联较小，且在多重比较校正后不再显著，但感知嗓音努力的模式值得进一步研究，作为老年喉与自报嗓音问题同时存在时功能负担的可能指标。
英文摘要
OBJECTIVES: This study examined whether Cantonese-speaking older adults differing in presbylarynx status and self-reported voice issues showed differences in perceptual, instrumental, and self-reported voice characteristics.
METHOD: A total of 107 older adults were classified by presbylarynx status and self-reported voice issues. Fifteen voice outcomes spanning auditory-perceptual voice severity, cepstral, noise, perturbation, fundamental frequency, and intensity-related measures, maximum phonation time, vocal effort, and aging voice-related impact were examined. Data were analyzed using 2 × 2 factorial general linear models with age and sex as covariates. Partial eta-squared (η²p) effect sizes and Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted P-values were computed for the primary model terms.
RESULTS: At the unadjusted level, main effects of presbylarynx status were found for sustained-vowel CPP (P = 0.040, η²p = 0.041) and OMNI-VES (P = 0.026, η²p = 0.048), and a presbylarynx status × self-reported voice issues interaction was found for OMNI-VES (P = 0.042, η²p = 0.040). Sustained-vowel CPP was higher in speakers without presbylarynx than in those with presbylarynx, and the highest vocal effort was observed in speakers with both presbylarynx and self-reported voice issues. No main effect of self-reported voice issues was found for any measure. All effects were small (η²p ≤ 0.05), and none remained significant after Benjamini-Hochberg FDR correction for multiple comparisons.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest limited alignment between laryngeal structural status, measured voice characteristics, and self-reported voice experience in older adults. Although the associations were small and did not remain significant after correction for multiple comparisons, the pattern for perceived vocal effort warrants further study as a possible indicator of functional burden when presbylarynx co-occurs with self-reported voice issues.