应用二维斑点追踪超声心动图评估阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者的右心房功能

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 本研究旨在应用二维斑点追踪超声心动图（2D-STE）揭示阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）患者的右心房功能。
方法： 共纳入120例OSAHS患者作为OSAHS组，100例健康个体作为对照组。常规超声心动图评估右心房结构，包括上下径、横径、面积和容积。应用2D-STE测量心肌纵向应变参数（储备应变（RASr）、管道应变（RAScd）和收缩应变（RASct））。比较两组间的差异，并根据呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）将患者进一步分为轻度（5-14次/小时）、中度（15-39次/小时）和重度（≥40次/小时）亚组。通过Pearson相关分析评估与AHI的相关性。
结果： 与对照组相比，OSAHS组的RASr和RAScd逐渐降低，RASct和横径随疾病严重程度增加而增加（p<0.05）。AHI与RASr和RAScd呈负相关，与RASct和横径呈正相关（p<0.05）。
结论： OSAHS患者表现出显著的右心房结构和功能改变。2D-STE为OSAHS患者右心房功能障碍的早期评估和临床评价提供了一种可靠、无创的方法。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to unveil the right atrial function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).
METHODS: A total of 120 OSAHS patients were enrolled as the OSAHS group, with 100 healthy individuals served as the control group. Conventional echocardiography assessed right atrial structure, including superior-inferior diameter, transverse diameter, area, and volume. Myocardial longitudinal strain parameters (reservoir strain (RASr), conduit strain (RAScd), and contraction strain (RASct)) were measured using 2D-STE. Comparisons were made between groups, and patients were further stratified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) into mild (5-14 events/h), moderate (15-39 events/h), and severe (≥ 40 events/h) subgroups. Correlation with AHI was assessed by Pearson correlation analysis.
RESULTS: Compared to controls, the OSAHS group showed progressive decreases in RASr and RAScd, and increases in RASct and transverse diameter with increasing disease severity (p < 0.05). AHI was negatively correlated with RASr and RAScd, and positively correlated with RASct and transverse diameter (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Patients with OSAHS exhibit significant structural and functional alterations of the right atrium. 2D-STE provides a reliable, non-invasive method for early assessment and clinical evaluation of right atrial dysfunction in OSAHS patients.