德国年龄相关性听力损失管理的挑战：HearForFuture

文献信息

中文摘要

年龄相关性听力损失（ARHL）是老年人中最常见的慢性疾病之一，随着人口结构变化，其重要性日益凸显。尽管已有有效的诊断和技术治疗方案，ARHL 仍常常未得到充分或适当的治疗。大多数受影响者未获得适当的照护，或未持续使用其助听系统。因此，本研究项目旨在系统分析德国 60 岁及以上患有致残性听力损失人群的状况，并在此基础上制定面向未来的照护概念。该项目采用混合方法，结合定量与定性研究方法。这包括分析法定健康保险覆盖人群的全国数据以及来自多个 KV（法定健康保险医师协会）的医师质量保证数据，还包括对患者、助听器专家、耳鼻喉科医生及其他医疗照护专业人员的定性焦点小组访谈数据。在此基础上，将对患者和耳鼻喉科医生进行全国性调查。此外，还将从子样本中收集听力测量数据以及使用生态瞬时评估的日常助听系统使用数据。该研究项目不同部分的结果最终将被整合，并用于参与式研讨会，以制定针对 ARHL 患者的需求导向治疗路径。目标是为进一步发展老年人听力照护提供循证基础，并长期改善听力照护服务的质量。

英文摘要

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is one of the most common chronic conditions in older age and is becoming an increasingly important topic in light of the demographic change. Despite existing effective diagnostic and technical treatment options, ARHL is often still insufficiently or inappropriately treated. The majority of those affected do not receive appropriate care or do not use their hearing systems consistently. Therefore, this research project aims to systematically analyze the situation in people with disabling hearing loss aged 60+ in Germany and, based on this, to develop a future-oriented concept of care. The project applies a mixed-method approach which combines quantitative and qualitative research methods. This involves an analysis of nationwide data of people covered by the statutory health insurances and physician quality assurance data from several KVs (Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians), data from qualitative focus group interviews with patients, hearing aid specialists, ENT doctors, and other professionals in healthcare provision. Based on this, nationwide surveys of patients and ENT doctors will be conducted. Additionally, audiometric measurements and data on the use of hearing systems in everyday life using ecological momentary assessment will be collected from subsamples. The results of the different parts of this research project will finally be merged and used in participatory workshops to develop a demand-oriented treatment pathway for people with ARHL. The goal is to create an evidence-based basis for the further development of hearing care for the elderly and to improve the quality of hearing care provision in the long run.