抗糖尿病药物治疗与成人听力受损的2型糖尿病患者听力阈值之间的关联
Associations Between Antidiabetic Pharmacotherapy and Hearing Thresholds in Adult Hearing-Impaired Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.
文献信息
| PMID | 42717744 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Francesco Martines |
| 作者单位 | Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. |
| 期刊 | Pharmacology research & perspectives |
| SCI 分区 | Q3 |
| IF | 3.1 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
2型糖尿病（T2DM）日益被认为是感音神经性听力损失的危险因素，而不同抗糖尿病治疗与听力阈值之间的关联仍鲜有描述。这项回顾性观察研究评估了2025年2月至2026年1月期间在巴勒莫大学听力学部门接受标准化纯音测听的240例T2DM患者和105例血糖正常对照者。听力阈值采用0.5、1、2和4 kHz的纯音平均（PTA-mean）测量，这些频率与言语相关。调整年龄、性别、体重指数和吸烟状态的多变量协方差分析显示，与对照组相比，T2DM受试者的PTA-mean值显著更高（64.4±17.1 dB vs. 56.4±14.8 dB；p=0.007），表明听力阈值更差。在特定抗糖尿病治疗中，GLP-1受体激动剂、二甲双胍和吡格列酮与较低的PTA-mean值相关。此外，药物类别分析显示，GLP-1受体激动剂和双胍类药物与更有利的听力阈值相关。这些发现提示抗糖尿病药物治疗可能与听觉功能存在类别特异性关联，支持需要开展前瞻性研究以评估听力结局是否应纳入糖尿病相关合并症的更广泛管理。
英文摘要
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has increasingly been identified as a risk factor for sensorineural hearing loss, whereas the association between different antidiabetic therapies and hearing thresholds remains poorly characterized. This retrospective observational study evaluated 240 patients with T2DM and 105 normoglycemic controls who underwent standardized pure-tone audiometry at the Audiology Section of the University of Palermo between February 2025 and January 2026. Hearing thresholds were measured using the pure tone average (PTA-mean) at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz, corresponding to speech-relevant frequencies. Multivariable analysis of covariance, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, and smoking status, showed that subjects with T2DM had significantly higher PTA-mean values compared to controls (64.4 ± 17.1 dB vs. 56.4 ± 14.8 dB; p = 0.007), indicating worse hearing thresholds. Among specific antidiabetic treatments, GLP-1RAs, metformin, and pioglitazone were associated with lower PTA-mean values. Furthermore, pharmacological class analysis showed that GLP-1 receptor agonists and biguanides were associated with more favorable hearing thresholds. These findings suggest that antidiabetic pharmacotherapy may show class-specific associations with auditory function, supporting the need for prospective studies to evaluate whether hearing outcomes should be considered in the broader management of diabetes-related comorbidities.