慢性气道炎症性疾病中巨噬细胞极化的调控：免疫相互作用、代谢重编程及其他。

文献信息

中文摘要

背景： 慢性上、下气道炎症性疾病（如过敏性鼻炎、慢性鼻窦炎和支气管哮喘）是一组高度异质性的疾病，其主要特征为免疫失衡和持续性炎症，严重影响患者的生活质量。方法：作为免疫系统的重要组成部分，巨噬细胞能够响应不同的炎症微环境而发生功能性极化，发挥促炎或抗炎的差异化效应。它们还与其他免疫细胞形成复杂的相互作用网络，共同调控慢性气道炎症的进展。结果：尽管巨噬细胞可塑性的调控受多方面调节，代谢重编程已成为调节巨噬细胞极化和功能的关键机制。结论：本综述系统总结了巨噬细胞极化与其他免疫细胞之间的相互作用，重点关注不同表型及其调控通路对慢性气道炎症性疾病的影响。此外，我们讨论了靶向代谢重编程的治疗潜力，为慢性上、下气道炎症性疾病的精准治疗提供了新见解。

英文摘要

Chronic upper and lower airway inflammatory diseases (such as allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and bronchial asthma) are a group of highly heterogeneous disorders primarily characterized by immune imbalance and persistent inflammation as their core features, which seriously affect patients' quality of life. As an important component of the immune system, macrophages can undergo functional polarization in response to distinct inflammatory microenvironments, exerting divergent pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects. They also form intricate interaction networks with other immune cells to jointly regulate the progression of chronic airway inflammation. Although the regulation of macrophage plasticity is regulated by multiple aspects, metabolic reprogramming has emerged as a pivotal mechanism modulating macrophage polarization and function. This review systematically summarizes the interplay between macrophage polarization and other immune cells, focusing on the impact of distinct phenotypes and their regulatory pathways on chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting metabolic reprogramming, providing new insights for the precise treatment of chronic upper and lower airway inflammatory diseases.