经典嗅觉训练与言语治疗引导的嗅觉训练治疗COVID-19相关嗅觉障碍
Classical and Speech Therapy Olfactory Training in the Treatment of COVID-19-Related Olfactory Disorders.
文献信息
| PMID | 42709683 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Małgorzata Buksińska |
| 作者单位 | Otorhinolaryngosurgery Clinic, World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw/Kajetany, Poland. |
| 期刊 | Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research |
| SCI 分区 | Q3 |
| IF | 2.5 |
| 研究类型 | 临床研究 · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 鼻科 |
中文摘要
背景： 嗅觉丧失可损害生活质量。嗅觉障碍常由病毒感染引起，包括SARS-CoV-2。本研究旨在评估结构化多学科康复方案（包括药物治疗和言语治疗引导的嗅觉训练）对COVID-19后嗅觉障碍患者的有效性。材料与方法：共75例患者（男15例，女60例）采用系统分配法分为研究组（n=50）和对照组（n=25）。两组均接受相同的药物治疗（鼻内皮质类固醇和局部维生素A）、生理盐水鼻腔冲洗以及言语治疗引导的嗅觉训练要素。此外，研究组还使用4种气味剂进行经典嗅觉训练，每日两次。采用Sniffin' Sticks测试（SST）评估嗅觉功能。结果：对于SST总分，研究组干预前后的平均变化为7.9分（P<0.001）。对照组平均变化为2.8分（P=0.006）。结论：与仅接受药物治疗并辅以言语治疗引导的嗅觉训练相比，经典嗅觉训练与COVID-19后嗅觉障碍的更大改善相关。观察到的效果可能与鼻内皮质类固醇、局部维生素A和生理盐水鼻腔冲洗的联合使用有关；然而，这些干预措施的个体贡献无法确定。涉及医生、言语治疗师和心理学家的多学科方法的潜在贡献仍有待确定。
英文摘要
BACKGROUND Loss of smell can impair quality of life. Olfactory disorders are often caused by viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured, multidisciplinary rehabilitation program, including pharmacological treatment and speech therapy-guided olfactory training, in patients with post-COVID olfactory disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 75 patients (15 men, 60 women) were allocated to a study group (n=50) or control group (n=25) using a systematic assignment method. Both groups received the same pharmacological treatment (intranasal corticosteroids and topical vitamin A), saline nasal irrigation, and elements of speech therapy-guided olfactory training. In addition, the study group performed classical olfactory training using 4 odorants twice daily. Olfactory function was assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks Test (SST). RESULTS For the total SST score, the mean change before and after intervention in the study group was 7.9 points (P<0.001). In the control group, the mean change was 2.8 points (P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Classical olfactory training was associated with greater improvement in post-COVID olfactory disorders compared with pharmacological treatment supplemented with speech therapy-guided olfactory training alone. The observed effects may be related to the combined use of intranasal corticosteroids, topical vitamin A, and saline nasal irrigation; however, the individual contribution of these interventions cannot be determined. The potential contribution of a multidisciplinary approach involving a physician, speech therapist, and psychologist remains to be established.