儿童鼻腔纽扣电池和磁铁取出后的长期生活质量

文献信息

中文摘要

目的： 纽扣电池和磁铁置入是常见的儿科急症，可导致严重的黏膜损伤。虽然急性期处理已明确，但长期结局和生活质量（QoL）影响仍研究不足。
方法： 对2015-2023年期间接受鼻腔纽扣电池或磁铁取出的儿童进行了回顾性研究。通过临床随访和电话访谈评估长期生活质量，使用经过验证的希伯来语版SN-5和鼻塞症状评估问卷。
结果： 纳入的39名儿童（平均年龄4.6±2.7岁）异物滞留时间中位数为6小时（范围0.5-1440小时）。就诊时鼻黏膜损伤包括鼻中隔穿孔（20.5%）、糜烂（56.4%）和组织坏死（12.8%）。长期随访显示大多数并发症已消退，而20.6%的患者存在持续性内镜发现。异物滞留时间延长和就诊时症状与并发症显著相关。无论并发症状态如何，长期生活质量良好，与健康儿科人群相当。
结论： 大多数儿童在鼻腔纽扣电池或磁铁取出后表现出良好的长期鼻窦鼻腔结局并保持了生活质量。及时取出对于预防具有临床意义的长期并发症是必要的。对于有症状的儿童和延迟取出的儿童，应进行常规延长随访。

英文摘要

OBJECTIVES: Button batteries and magnets insertion is a frequent pediatric emergency that can cause severe mucosal injury. While acute management is well defined, the long-term outcomes and quality of life (QoL) implications remain poorly investigated.
METHODS: A retrospective study of children was conducted who underwent removal of button batteries or magnets from the nose during 2015-2023. Long-term QoL was assessed through clinical follow-up and telephone interviews, using validated Hebrew versions of the SN-5 and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation questionnaires.
RESULTS: The 39 children included (mean age 4.6 ± 2.7 years) had a median duration of foreign body retention of 6 (range 0.5-1440) hours. Nasal mucosal injury at presentation included septal perforation (20.5%), erosion (56.4%), and tissue necrosis (12.8%). Long-term follow-up demonstrated that most complications were resolved, while 20.6% of patients had persistent endoscopic findings. Prolonged foreign body retention and symptoms at presentation were significantly associated with complications. Long-term QoL was good and comparable to healthy pediatric populations, regardless of complication status.
CONCLUSIONS: Most children demonstrated favorable long-term sinonasal outcomes and preserved QoL following nasal button battery or magnet removal. Prompt removal is necessary to prevent clinically meaningful long-term morbidity. Routine extended follow-up should be applied for symptomatic children and those with delayed removal.