成人听力损失与认知结局之间的关联：一项伞状综述与荟萃分析。
The association between hearing loss in adults and cognitive outcomes: an umbrella review and meta-analysis.
文献信息
| PMID | 42707439 |
|---|---|
| 原文 | 在 PubMed 查看原文 ↗ |
| 发表日期 | 2026 |
| 作者 | Jiao Liang |
| 作者单位 | Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China. |
| 期刊 | Frontiers in aging neuroscience |
| SCI 分区 | Q1 |
| IF | 5.6 |
| 研究类型 | 综述 Meta · 临床 |
| 所属专科 | 耳科 |
中文摘要
目的： 听力损失（HL）日益被认为是认知能力下降和痴呆的潜在危险因素。然而，现有荟萃分析的结果仍存在异质性。本伞状综述旨在全面综合当前关于成人听力损失与认知结局之间关联的荟萃分析证据。
方法： 系统检索了PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library，检索时间自建库至2026年1月9日。纳入考察成人听力损失与认知结局之间关系的系统综述及荟萃分析。采用AMSTAR-2评估方法学质量。采用Ioannidis分类框架评估证据可信度，并采用GRADE方法评估证据确定性。采用校正覆盖面积（CCA）量化各荟萃分析之间原始研究的重叠程度。
结果： 共纳入9项荟萃分析。听力损失与认知障碍风险增加显著相关（OR = 1.34，95% CI：1.17-1.53）以及痴呆风险增加显著相关（OR = 1.43，95% CI：1.21-1.68）。在老年人中，这些关联略强。听力损失还与阿尔茨海默病风险升高相关（OR = 1.66，95% CI：1.33-2.07）。对于认知障碍和痴呆，证据可信度被归类为高度提示性。
结论： 成人听力损失与认知障碍和痴呆风险增加显著相关。这些发现凸显了听力健康在认知老化中的重要性，并支持进一步开展前瞻性和干预性研究。
英文摘要
PURPOSE: Hearing loss (HL) has been increasingly recognized as a potential risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia. However, findings from existing meta-analyses remain heterogeneous. This umbrella review aimed to comprehensively synthesize current meta-analytic evidence on the association between adult hearing loss and cognitive outcomes.
METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from inception to 9 January 2026. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses examining the relationship between hearing loss and cognitive outcomes in adults were included. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2. Evidence credibility was evaluated using the Ioannidis classification framework, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Overlap among primary studies across meta-analyses was quantified using the corrected covered area (CCA).
RESULTS: Nine meta-analyses were included. Hearing loss was significantly associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.17-1.53) and dementia (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.21-1.68). In older adults, the associations were slightly stronger. Hearing loss was also associated with higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.33-2.07). Evidence credibility was classified as highly suggestive for cognitive impairment and dementia.
CONCLUSION: Adult hearing loss is significantly associated with increased risks of cognitive impairment and dementia. These findings highlight the importance of hearing health in cognitive aging and support further prospective and interventional studies.