床旁超声在预测急诊科困难插管中的应用

文献信息

中文摘要

床旁超声（POCUS）越来越多地用于气道评估，但其在预测急诊科困难插管中的作用仍不明确。一项对MEDLINE和EMBASE的简短系统综述确定了四项符合纳入标准的前瞻性观察性研究并进行了分析。这些研究评估了超声衍生的气道参数，包括颏舌骨距离、舌厚度和前颈软组织厚度，并将这些测量值与Cormack-Lehane分级相关联。若干POCUS参数在预测困难喉镜暴露方面表现出中等至优秀的诊断准确性。然而，研究人群、测量技术和诊断阈值的变异性限制了研究结果的普遍性。底线是，尽管POCUS前景广阔，但不应单独用于困难气道评估。需要更大规模、多样化人群的进一步研究。

英文摘要

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is increasingly used in airway assessment, but its role in predicting difficult intubation in the emergency department remains unclear. A short systematic review of MEDLINE and EMBASE identified four prospective observational studies that met the inclusion criteria and underwent analysis. The studies evaluated ultrasound-derived airway parameters including hyomental distance, tongue thickness and anterior neck soft tissue thickness, and correlated these measurements with Cormack-Lehane grading. Several POCUS parameters demonstrated fair to excellent diagnostic accuracy for predicting difficult laryngoscopy. However, variability in study populations, measurement techniques and diagnostic thresholds limits the generalisability of the findings. The bottom line is that while POCUS is promising, it should not be used alone for difficult airway assessment. Further research with larger, diverse populations is needed.